Chemistry is one of the most scoring subjects in Class 12 board examinations if revised properly. Many students know the concepts but lose marks due to lack of quick revision before exams. That’s why short, clear, and example-based revision notes are extremely important.
In this blog, you will find chapter-wise Class 12 Chemistry revision notes covering Physical, Organic, and Inorganic Chemistry. Each chapter is explained in easy English, with important formulas, reactions, definitions, and examples to help you revise effectively in a short time
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Class 12 Chemistry Notes PDF | Chapter Wise Revision Notes for Board Exams
Physical Chemistry Revision Notes
Chapter 1: Solutions
- A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
- Components: Solute + Solvent
Important Terms:
- Molarity (M) = Moles of solute / Volume of solution (L)
- Molality (m) = Moles of solute / Mass of solvent (kg)
- Henry’s Law: Solubility of gas ∝ pressure
Example:
If pressure increases, solubility of gas in liquid also increases (cold drinks).
Key Formula:
- Relative lowering of vapor pressure = Mole fraction of solute
Chapter 2: Electrochemistry
- Deals with conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy.
- Electrochemical Cell: Converts chemical energy to electrical energy.
Important Concepts:
- Oxidation: Loss of electrons
- Reduction: Gain of electrons
- EMF of cell = E°cathode − E°anode
Example:
Daniell Cell:
Zn → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻
Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Cu
Chapter 3: Chemical Kinetics
- Study of rate of chemical reactions.
Key Points:
- Rate of reaction depends on concentration, temperature, catalyst.
- Order of reaction = sum of powers of concentration terms.
Important Formula:
- First-order reaction:
k = (2.303/t) log (a/(a−x))
Example:
Radioactive decay follows first-order kinetics.
Chapter 4: Surface Chemistry
- Deals with phenomena at surfaces.
Important Topics:
- Adsorption (not absorption)
- Catalysis
- Colloids
Example:
Charcoal adsorbs poisonous gases.
Chapter 5: Solid State
- Solids have definite shape and volume.
Types of Solids:
- Crystalline
- Amorphous
Important Defects:
- Schottky defect
- Frenkel defect
Example:
NaCl shows Schottky defect.
Chapter 6: General Principles & Processes of Isolation of Elements
- Extraction of metals from ores.
Important Steps:
- Concentration of ore
- Roasting / Calcination
- Reduction
- Refining
Example:
Aluminium is extracted by Hall-Heroult process.
Inorganic Chemistry Revision Notes
Chapter 7: p-Block Elements
- Elements from group 15 to 18.
Important Groups:
- Nitrogen family
- Oxygen family
- Halogens
- Noble gases
Key Compounds:
- NH₃, HNO₃, H₂SO₄
Example:
Ammonia has trigonal pyramidal shape.
Chapter 8: d- and f-Block Elements
- Known as transition elements.
Characteristics:
- Variable oxidation states
- Colored compounds
- Catalytic activity
Example:
Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ show variable oxidation states.
Chapter 9: Coordination Compounds
- Metal ion bonded with ligands.
Key Terms:
- Ligand
- Coordination number
- Complex ion
Example:
[Cu(NH₃)₄]²⁺ is a coordination compound.
Important Theory:
- Crystal Field Theory
Organic Chemistry Revision Notes
Chapter 10: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
- Organic compounds containing halogens.
Important Reactions:
- SN1, SN2 reactions
- Wurtz reaction
Example:
CH₃Cl + OH⁻ → CH₃OH
Chapter 11: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Alcohols:
- Contain –OH group
- Example: Ethanol
Phenols:
- –OH attached to benzene ring
Ethers:
- R–O–R structure
Example:
Phenol is more acidic than alcohol.
Chapter 12: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
Aldehyde:
- –CHO group
Ketone:
-
C=O group
Carboxylic Acid:
- –COOH group
Important Tests:
- Tollens’ test
- Fehling’s test
Chapter 13: Amines
- Organic derivatives of ammonia.
Types:
- Primary
- Secondary
- Tertiary
Example:
Aniline is aromatic amine.
Chapter 14: Biomolecules
Major Biomolecules:
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Nucleic acids
- Vitamins
Example:
Glucose is an aldohexose.
Chapter 15: Polymers
- Large molecules made of repeating units.
Types:
- Addition polymers
- Condensation polymers
Example:
Polythene, Nylon-6,6
Chapter 16: Chemistry in Everyday Life
Important Topics:
- Drugs
- Medicines
- Food preservatives
Example:
Aspirin is an analgesic drug.
How to Use These Notes for Exam Revision
- Revise Physical Chemistry formulas daily
- Practice Organic reactions and mechanisms
- Memorize Inorganic trends and exceptions
- Solve previous year questions
- Focus on NCERT examples and exercises
Conclusion
Class 12 Chemistry becomes easy and scoring when revised properly with the right notes. These chapter-wise revision notes cover all important concepts, formulas, reactions, and examples needed for board exams. If you revise these notes regularly and practice numerical and reactions, scoring 90+ marks in Chemistry is absolutely possible.
FAQs
Q1. Are these Class 12 Chemistry notes enough for board exam revision?
Yes, these Class 12 Chemistry revision notes cover all chapters from Physical, Organic, and Inorganic Chemistry in a concise manner. They are perfect for last-minute revision before board exams, especially when combined with NCERT textbook practice.
Q2. Do these notes include important formulas and reactions?
Absolutely. These notes include all important formulas, chemical reactions, definitions, and examples that are frequently asked in Class 12 board examinations.
Q3. Are these chemistry notes based on the latest CBSE syllabus?
Yes, these Class 12 Chemistry notes are prepared according to the latest CBSE syllabus and exam pattern, focusing mainly on NCERT-based concepts.
Q4. Can I score good marks by revising only these notes?
If you revise these notes properly and practice previous year question papers along with NCERT exercises, you can easily score high marks (80+ to 90+) in Class 12 Chemistry board exams.
Q5. Are these notes useful for competitive exams like NEET and CUET?
Yes, these notes are also helpful for competitive exams such as NEET, CUET, and other entrance tests because they strengthen core concepts and improve quick recall.