Biology is one of the most important subjects in the Bihar Board Class 10 examination. It focuses on the study of living organisms, their life processes, and their interactions with the environment. To help students prepare effectively for the board exam, this guess paper follows the official Bihar Board exam pattern and includes objective-type, short-answer, and long-answer questions. Practicing these questions will help students build confidence, improve conceptual understanding, and score high marks in their upcoming exam.
Bihar Board Class 10 Biology Guess Paper 2025 | 75 Objective Questions, Short & Long Answers
Exam Pattern (Bihar Board Class 10 Biology 2025)
| Type of Question | Number of Questions | Marks per Question | Total Marks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Objective (MCQ) | 75 | 1 | 75 |
| Short Answer | 10 | 2 | 20 |
| Long Answer | 5 | 5 | 25 |
| Total | 90 | — | 120 Marks |
Section A: Objective Questions (1 Mark Each)
[All Questions are Multiple Choice Type]
1. Which part of the cell contains the genetic material?
A. Cytoplasm
B. Nucleus
C. Ribosome
D. Cell wall
Answer: The nucleus contains the genetic material in the form of DNA.
2. Photosynthesis takes place in which part of the plant cell?
A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondria
C. Chloroplast
D. Ribosome
Answer: Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast.
3. Which gas is released during photosynthesis?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Nitrogen
C. Oxygen
D. Hydrogen
Answer: Oxygen gas is released during photosynthesis.
4. Which organ in humans is called the “Kidney of the cell”?
A. Golgi body
B. Lysosome
C. Ribosome
D. Nucleus
Answer: Lysosome is called the “suicidal bag” or “kidney of the cell”.
5. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A. Neuron
B. Nephron
C. Axon
D. Glomerulus
Answer: The functional unit of the kidney is nephron.
6. The movement of food in the alimentary canal is known as—
A. Assimilation
B. Peristalsis
C. Digestion
D. Absorption
Answer: The movement of food in the alimentary canal is called peristalsis.
7. Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
A. Pulmonary artery
B. Pulmonary vein
C. Aorta
D. Vena cava
Answer: Pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood to the heart.
8. Which part of the brain controls balance and posture?
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla
D. Pons
Answer: Cerebellum controls balance and posture.
9. The male reproductive organ that produces sperms is—
A. Testis
B. Ovary
C. Uterus
D. Vas deferens
Answer: Testis produces sperms in males.
10. The process of breakdown of glucose in absence of oxygen is—
A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Fermentation
D. Transpiration
Answer: The process is called fermentation.
11. DNA stands for—
A. Deoxyribonucleic Acid
B. Dicarboxylic Nucleic Acid
C. Deoxyribose Nucleic Atom
D. None of these
Answer: Deoxyribonucleic Acid
12. Which vitamin is produced in the human body by sunlight?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D
Answer: Vitamin D
13. The smallest unit of life is—
A. Cell
B. Tissue
C. Organ
D. Nucleus
Answer: Cell
14. Which organ helps in detoxification in humans?
A. Heart
B. Kidney
C. Liver
D. Lungs
Answer: Liver
15. The excretory product in humans is—
A. Urea
B. Ammonia
C. Uric acid
D. Carbon dioxide
Answer: Urea
16. The main organ of photosynthesis in plants is—
A. Stem
B. Leaf
C. Root
D. Flower
Answer: Leaf
17. Which part of the flower forms fruit?
A. Ovary
B. Ovule
C. Petal
D. Sepal
Answer: Ovary
18. The human heart has how many chambers?
A. Two
B. Three
C. Four
D. Five
Answer: Four chambers
19. The site of fertilization in humans is—
A. Ovary
B. Fallopian tube
C. Uterus
D. Cervix
Answer: Fallopian tube
20. Which of the following is an example of an asexual reproduction?
A. Budding
B. Fertilization
C. Pollination
D. Fusion
Answer: Budding
21. Which plant part absorbs water?
A. Root
B. Stem
C. Leaf
D. Flower
Answer: A. Root
22. Which pigment gives green color to plants?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Chlorophyll
C. Melanin
D. Carotene
Answer: B. Chlorophyll
23. Which organ helps in breathing?
A. Heart
B. Lungs
C. Kidney
D. Brain
Answer: B. Lungs
24. The energy currency of the cell is—
A. DNA
B. RNA
C. ATP
D. ADP
Answer: C. ATP
25. Which disease is caused by insulin deficiency?
A. Goitre
B. Diabetes
C. Anaemia
D. Malaria
Answer: B. Diabetes
26. What is the main function of red blood cells?
A. Fight infection
B. Transport oxygen
C. Clot blood
D. Produce energy
Answer: B. Transport oxygen
27. Which process is essential for plant survival?
A. Respiration
B. Photosynthesis
C. Both A & B
D. None
Answer: C. Both A & B
28. The process of fusion of gametes is called—
A. Fertilization
B. Germination
C. Pollination
D. Reproduction
Answer: A. Fertilization
29. The sex of a baby is determined by—
A. Mother
B. Father
C. Both
D. None
Answer: B. Father
30. Which organ secretes digestive enzymes?
A. Liver
B. Pancreas
C. Kidney
D. Lungs
Answer: B. Pancreas
31. The smallest bone in the human body is found in—
A. Ear
B. Hand
C. Foot
D. Nose
Answer: A. Ear
32. How many pairs of chromosomes are found in humans?
A. 22
B. 23
C. 24
D. 25
Answer: B. 23
33. Which gas is used during respiration?
A. CO₂
B. O₂
C. N₂
D. H₂
Answer: B. Oxygen
34. Which part of a plant conducts water?
A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Cortex
D. Cambium
Answer: A. Xylem
35. Which part of the eye controls light entry?
A. Retina
B. Pupil
C. Lens
D. Cornea
Answer: B. Pupil
36. Which blood group is universal donor?
A. A
B. B
C. AB
D. O
Answer: D. O
37. The universal recipient blood group is—
A. A
B. B
C. AB
D. O
Answer: C. AB
38. Which organ in humans produces bile?
A. Stomach
B. Liver
C. Pancreas
D. Kidney
Answer: B. Liver
39. In which process do green plants take in carbon dioxide?
A. Respiration
B. Photosynthesis
C. Transpiration
D. Germination
Answer: B. Photosynthesis
40. The male reproductive organ in humans is—
A. Ovary
B. Testis
C. Uterus
D. Oviduct
Answer: B. Testis
41. Which organelle is known as the “control center” of the cell?
A. Mitochondria
B. Nucleus
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Answer: B. Nucleus
42. Which organ in the body purifies blood?
A. Heart
B. Lungs
C. Kidney
D. Brain
Answer: C. Kidney
43. Which part of the plant absorbs minerals from the soil?
A. Root hairs
B. Leaf
C. Stem
D. Flower
Answer: A. Root hairs
44. Which is the largest gland in the human body?
A. Pancreas
B. Thyroid
C. Liver
D. Kidney
Answer: C. Liver
45. Which organ removes carbon dioxide from blood?
A. Heart
B. Lungs
C. Brain
D. Liver
Answer: B. Lungs
46. Which organ helps in hearing?
A. Eye
B. Ear
C. Nose
D. Tongue
Answer: B. Ear
47. What is the main function of white blood cells?
A. Transport oxygen
B. Fight diseases
C. Carry food
D. Control temperature
Answer: B. Fight diseases
48. The cell organelle involved in protein synthesis is—
A. Ribosome
B. Lysosome
C. Nucleus
D. Mitochondria
Answer: A. Ribosome
49. What is the process of removing waste from the body called?
A. Excretion
B. Respiration
C. Transpiration
D. Reproduction
Answer: A. Excretion
50. The smallest structural and functional unit of the nervous system is—
A. Brain
B. Neuron
C. Nerve
D. Spinal cord
Answer: B. Neuron
51. Which part of the brain controls involuntary actions?
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla oblongata
D. Pons
Answer: C. Medulla oblongata
52. Which process converts starch into sugar?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Digestion
D. Excretion
Answer: C. Digestion
53. Which organism reproduces by budding?
A. Amoeba
B. Yeast
C. Paramecium
D. Bacteria
Answer: B. Yeast
54. The process of conversion of water into vapor from plant leaves is called—
A. Transpiration
B. Transportation
C. Evaporation
D. Circulation
Answer: A. Transpiration
55. Which is a plant hormone?
A. Insulin
B. Auxin
C. Estrogen
D. Testosterone
Answer: B. Auxin
56. The part of a plant that anchors it in the soil is—
A. Stem
B. Root
C. Leaf
D. Flower
Answer: B. Root
57. Which is an example of a unicellular organism?
A. Fish
B. Amoeba
C. Frog
D. Human
Answer: B. Amoeba
58. The process by which a new organism develops from the body of the parent is—
A. Budding
B. Fragmentation
C. Regeneration
D. Spore formation
Answer: A. Budding
59. Which gas do humans exhale during respiration?
A. Oxygen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Nitrogen
D. Hydrogen
Answer: B. Carbon dioxide
60. Which part of the plant carries food from leaves to other parts?
A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Cambium
D. Cortex
Answer: B. Phloem
61. Which part of the human body controls activities?
A. Heart
B. Brain
C. Lungs
D. Kidney
Answer: B. Brain
62. What is the shape of the human RBC?
A. Round and flat
B. Spherical
C. Biconcave
D. Cuboidal
Answer: C. Biconcave
63. Which organ in humans helps in sound production?
A. Nose
B. Larynx
C. Tongue
D. Ear
Answer: B. Larynx
64. Which organism can prepare its own food?
A. Human
B. Cow
C. Green plant
D. Dog
Answer: C. Green plant
65. The part of the flower that produces pollen is—
A. Ovary
B. Anther
C. Stigma
D. Style
Answer: B. Anther
66. The female gamete in a plant is—
A. Pollen
B. Ovule
C. Ovary
D. Petal
Answer: B. Ovule
67. The male gamete in a plant is—
A. Ovule
B. Pollen grain
C. Ovary
D. Seed
Answer: B. Pollen grain
68. Which of the following is a waterborne disease?
A. Typhoid
B. Malaria
C. Dengue
D. Chickenpox
Answer: A. Typhoid
69. Which organ helps maintain body temperature?
A. Brain
B. Liver
C. Skin
D. Lungs
Answer: C. Skin
70. The number of bones in an adult human body is—
A. 200
B. 206
C. 210
D. 201
Answer: B. 206
71. Which organ protects the brain?
A. Ribs
B. Skull
C. Spine
D. Shoulder
Answer: B. Skull
72. The process by which organisms produce their own kind is—
A. Reproduction
B. Respiration
C. Excretion
D. Circulation
Answer: A. Reproduction
73. What is the basic unit of heredity?
A. DNA
B. Gene
C. Chromosome
D. RNA
Answer: B. Gene
74. Which part of the human body helps in detecting smell?
A. Eye
B. Nose
C. Tongue
D. Ear
Answer: B. Nose
75. The process of taking food inside the body is called—
A. Digestion
B. Ingestion
C. Absorption
D. Assimilation
Answer: B. Ingestion
Section B: Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Each)
1. What is photosynthesis?
Answer: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare their own food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight and converts it into chemical energy, producing glucose and oxygen.
2. Differentiate between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.
Answer: Autotrophic nutrition occurs in organisms that make their own food (like plants), while heterotrophic nutrition occurs in organisms that depend on others for food (like animals and humans).
3. What is the function of the human heart?
Answer: The heart pumps blood throughout the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients and removing waste products like carbon dioxide.
4. What are the components of blood?
Answer: Blood is composed of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Plasma is the liquid part that carries nutrients and hormones.
5. Define respiration.
Answer: Respiration is the biochemical process of releasing energy from food molecules like glucose. It can be aerobic (with oxygen) or anaerobic (without oxygen).
6. What is transpiration?
Answer: Transpiration is the process by which water evaporates from the surface of leaves through stomata, helping in temperature regulation and nutrient transport.
7. What is fertilization?
Answer: Fertilization is the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote, which develops into a new organisms
8. Explain the function of the neuron.
Answer: A neuron is a nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses from one part of the body to another, helping in coordination and response.
9. What is evolution?
Answer: Evolution is the gradual change in living organisms over long periods, leading to the formation of new species.
10. Name the male and female reproductive organs in humans.
Answer: The male reproductive organs are testes, and the female reproductive organs are ovaries.
Section C: Long Answer Questions (5 Marks Each)
1. Explain the structure and function of the human digestive system.
Answer: The human digestive system consists of organs like the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. It helps in breaking down complex food into simpler substances, absorbing nutrients, and removing waste. Digestive juices and enzymes play a major role in the process.
2. Describe the process of photosynthesis with a labeled diagram.
Answer: Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast where chlorophyll traps sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. The reaction is:
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
It is the most important biological process for life on Earth.
3. Explain the human circulatory system.
Answer: The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The heart pumps oxygenated blood through arteries and receives deoxygenated blood through veins. It ensures that oxygen and nutrients reach every cell.
4. Describe different modes of reproduction in living organisms.
Answer: Reproduction can be asexual (budding, binary fission, fragmentation) and sexual (fusion of gametes). Asexual reproduction produces identical offspring, while sexual reproduction leads to variation.
5. Explain Mendel’s experiment on inheritance.
Answer: Mendel’s experiment on pea plants demonstrated how traits are inherited from parents to offspring. His laws include the Law of Segregation and Law of Independent Assortment. These experiments laid the foundation of genetics.
Conclusion
This Bihar Board Class 10 Biology guess Paper 2025 is a complete practice set based on the latest syllabus. By solving all the 75 objective questions, 10 short answer questions, and 5 long answer questions, students can enhance their conceptual understanding and time management skills for the board exam.