The Bihar School Examination Board (BSEB) has officially released the Bihar Board Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2025-2026 for the upcoming academic session. This syllabus has been designed to strengthen students’ theoretical understanding, problem-solving abilities, and practical application of physics concepts. Covering a wide range of topics from classical mechanics to modern physics, it also helps students prepare for competitive examinations like JEE Main, NEET, and state-level engineering or medical entrance tests.
The syllabus is divided into two major parts—Theory and Practical Work. The theory portion consists of 10 units, while the practical section focuses on experiments, activities, and project work.
Bihar Board Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2025-2026
Bihar Board Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2025-2026 (Unit-Wise)
Unit 1: Electrostatics
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Electric Charges and Fields
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Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Unit 2: Current Electricity
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Electric Current, Ohm’s Law, Electrical Resistance
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Kirchhoff’s Laws and Their Applications
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Combination of Cells and Resistances
Unit 3: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
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Moving Charges and Magnetism
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Magnetism and Matter
Unit 4: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
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Electromagnetic Induction – Faraday’s Law, Lenz’s Law
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Alternating Current and Its Applications
Unit 5: Electromagnetic Waves
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Characteristics of Electromagnetic Waves
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Uses of Electromagnetic Spectrum
Unit 6: Optics
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Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
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Wave Optics – Interference, Diffraction, and Polarisation
Unit 7: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
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Photoelectric Effect
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Matter Waves and de Broglie Hypothesis
Unit 8: Atoms and Nuclei
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Structure of Atom – Rutherford and Bohr Models
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Radioactivity and Nuclear Reactions
Unit 9: Electronic Devices
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Semiconductor Electronics – Materials, Diodes, and Transistors
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Logic Gates and Digital Electronics
Unit 10: Communication Systems
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Principles of Communication
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Modulation and Demodulation Techniques
Practical Syllabus (Physics Lab Work)
Experiments
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Verification of Ohm’s Law
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Finding resistance using a meter bridge
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Determination of focal length of convex lens and concave mirror
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Study of laws of refraction using glass slab
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Measurement of frequency of AC mains
Activities
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Studying the characteristics of a PN junction diode
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Plotting a graph between current and potential difference for a resistor
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Identifying various optical components
Exam Pattern (Bihar Board Class 12 Physics)
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Theory Paper: 70 Marks
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Practical Exam: 30 Marks
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Total: 100 Marks
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Question Types: Objective, Short Answer, Long Answer
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Duration: 3 Hours
FAQs
Bihar Board Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2025-2026
Q1. What is the total number of units in the Bihar Board Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2025-2026?
A1. The syllabus contains 10 theory units along with a separate practical section.
Q2. How many marks are allotted to the Physics practical exam?
A2. The Physics practical exam carries 30 marks.
Q3. Is the Bihar Board Class 12th Physics syllabus helpful for JEE and NEET preparation?
A3. Yes, many topics like Electrostatics, Optics, Modern Physics, and Dual Nature are also part of JEE and NEET syllabi.
Q4. Which unit in the syllabus covers semiconductor electronics?
A4. Semiconductor Electronics is covered in Unit 9: Electronic Devices.
Q5. How many marks are given for the theory portion in the Bihar Board Class 12th Physics exam?
A5. The theory paper is of 70 marks.
Q6. What is the weightage of Optics in the Class 12 Physics syllabus?
A6. Optics is an important unit and generally carries a high weightage in both board and competitive exams.
Q7. Are experiments compulsory in the Bihar Board Physics syllabus?
A7. Yes, students must perform the listed experiments as they contribute to the 30 marks practical exam.
Q8. What are the key topics in the Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter unit?
A8. Important topics include the Photoelectric Effect, de Broglie hypothesis, and matter waves.
Q9. How should I prepare for the Bihar Board Class 12th Physics exam?
A9. Focus on understanding concepts, solving numerical problems, revising derivations, and practising previous years’ question papers.
Q10. Where can I download the official Bihar Board Class 12th Physics syllabus PDF for 2025-2026?
A10. The official syllabus can be downloaded from the Bihar School Examination Board’s official website – biharboardonline.bihar.gov.in.
Conclusion
The Bihar Board Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2025-2026 is designed to balance conceptual learning with practical application. Students should focus on numerical problem-solving, understanding derivations, and regularly practising experiments to excel in both board exams and competitive tests.