The chapter “Human Health and Diseases” is one of the most important topics in Class 12 Biology for Bihar Board students. It explains how the human body defends itself from various diseases, how pathogens infect, and how vaccines and immunity work.
To help you prepare better, here are 50 important objective questions from this chapter, each with multiple-choice options and one-word answers — perfect for quick revision and exam preparation.
Bihar Board Class 12 Biology Human Health and Diseases Objective Questions with Answers
Objective Questions and Answers-Class 12 Biology Human Health and Diseases
1. Who is known as the Father of Medicine?
a) Aristotle
b) Hippocrates
c) Darwin
d) Lamarck
Answer: Hippocrates
2. The term ‘Health’ is defined by —
a) WHO
b) UNO
c) UNICEF
d) FAO
Answer: WHO
3. AIDS is caused by —
a) Virus
b) Bacteria
c) Fungi
d) Protozoa
Answer: Virus
4. The full form of AIDS is —
a) Acute Immune Deficiency Syndrome
b) Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
c) Active Immune Deficiency Syndrome
d) Advanced Immune Disorder Syndrome
Answer: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
5. The causative agent of Malaria is —
a) Plasmodium
b) Trypanosoma
c) Entamoeba
d) Leishmania
Answer: Plasmodium
6. The vector of Malaria is —
a) Male Anopheles mosquito
b) Female Anopheles mosquito
c) Culex mosquito
d) Aedes mosquito
Answer: Female Anopheles mosquito
7. Tuberculosis affects mainly —
a) Brain
b) Lungs
c) Liver
d) Kidney
Answer: Lungs
8. The causative agent of Tuberculosis is —
a) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
b) Vibrio cholerae
c) Salmonella typhi
d) Clostridium tetani
Answer: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
9. The disease caused by Salmonella typhi is —
a) Typhoid
b) Cholera
c) Plague
d) Tetanus
Answer: Typhoid
10. Who discovered the vaccine for smallpox?
a) Louis Pasteur
b) Edward Jenner
c) Alexander Fleming
d) Robert Koch
Answer: Edward Jenner
11. Which vitamin deficiency causes night blindness?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin B
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin D
Answer: Vitamin A
12. Which disease is caused by a virus?
a) Malaria
b) Cholera
c) Influenza
d) Typhoid
Answer: Influenza
13. Ringworm is a —
a) Viral disease
b) Bacterial disease
c) Fungal disease
d) Protozoan disease
Answer: Fungal disease
14. The pathogen of AIDS attacks —
a) RBC
b) WBC
c) Platelets
d) Lymph nodes
Answer: WBC
15. The incubation period of HIV is —
a) Few hours
b) Few days
c) Several years
d) One month
Answer: Several years
16. The disease caused by Wuchereria bancrofti is —
a) Filariasis
b) Typhoid
c) Cholera
d) Malaria
Answer: Filariasis
17. Common cold is caused by —
a) Rhinovirus
b) Influenza virus
c) Adenovirus
d) Retrovirus
Answer: Rhinovirus
18. The disease caused by Aedes mosquito is —
a) Malaria
b) Filariasis
c) Dengue
d) Tuberculosis
Answer: Dengue
19. Which one is not an infectious disease?
a) Cancer
b) Cholera
c) Malaria
d) Typhoid
Answer: Cancer
20. Alcohol addiction damages mainly —
a) Brain
b) Liver
c) Lungs
d) Heart
Answer: Liver
21. The Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccine is used for —
a) Typhoid
b) Tuberculosis
c) Polio
d) Cholera
Answer: Tuberculosis
22. The causative agent of Cholera is —
a) Vibrio cholerae
b) Salmonella typhi
c) Clostridium
d) Bacillus anthracis
Answer: Vibrio cholerae
23. Which disease spreads through sexual contact?
a) Malaria
b) AIDS
c) Typhoid
d) Cholera
Answer: AIDS
24. Cancer is a disease of —
a) Controlled cell division
b) Uncontrolled cell division
c) Cell differentiation
d) Cell aging
Answer: Uncontrolled cell division
25. Which is a non-communicable disease?
a) Cancer
b) Typhoid
c) Cholera
d) Tuberculosis
Answer: Cancer
26. Which organ is affected by jaundice?
a) Liver
b) Lungs
c) Heart
d) Kidney
Answer: Liver
27. Kala-azar is caused by —
a) Leishmania donovani
b) Trypanosoma
c) Entamoeba
d) Plasmodium
Answer: Leishmania donovani
28. Antibiotics are effective against —
a) Virus
b) Bacteria
c) Protozoa
d) Fungi
Answer: Bacteria
29. The immunity present by birth is —
a) Acquired immunity
b) Innate immunity
c) Artificial immunity
d) Passive immunity
Answer: Innate immunity
30. Vaccination is an example of —
a) Passive immunity
b) Active immunity
c) Innate immunity
d) Natural immunity
Answer: Active immunity
31. Which of the following is an autoimmune disease?
a) AIDS
b) Rheumatoid arthritis
c) Malaria
d) Tuberculosis
Answer: Rheumatoid arthritis
32. The first antibiotic discovered was —
a) Streptomycin
b) Penicillin
c) Tetracycline
d) Erythromycin
Answer: Penicillin
33. The discoverer of penicillin was —
a) Edward Jenner
b) Alexander Fleming
c) Louis Pasteur
d) Robert Koch
Answer: Alexander Fleming
34. The disease caused by Trypanosoma is —
a) Sleeping sickness
b) Kala-azar
c) Malaria
d) Cholera
Answer: Sleeping sickness
35. Typhoid fever spreads through —
a) Air
b) Water
c) Mosquito bite
d) Sexual contact
Answer: Water
36. The disease caused by helminth worms is —
a) Filariasis
b) Tuberculosis
c) Typhoid
d) Malaria
Answer: Filariasis
37. The vector of Dengue fever is —
a) Anopheles
b) Culex
c) Aedes
d) Housefly
Answer: Aedes
38. Which of the following is a bacterial disease?
a) Polio
b) Measles
c) Cholera
d) Rabies
Answer: Cholera
39. The vaccine of Polio is —
a) BCG
b) OPV
c) DPT
d) MMR
Answer: OPV
40. AIDS was first reported in —
a) 1970
b) 1981
c) 1985
d) 1990
Answer: 1981
41. Which part of the body does Plasmodium first infect?
a) Liver
b) Blood
c) Intestine
d) Brain
Answer: Liver
42. The disease caused by bacteria Clostridium tetani is —
a) Tetanus
b) Cholera
c) Plague
d) Typhoid
Answer: Tetanus
43. Which disease is transmitted by houseflies?
a) Typhoid
b) AIDS
c) Malaria
d) Filariasis
Answer: Typhoid
44. Pathogen of Tetanus enters the body through —
a) Food
b) Air
c) Wound
d) Water
Answer: Wound
45. The disease that affects the immune system is —
a) Malaria
b) AIDS
c) Cholera
d) Typhoid
Answer: AIDS
46. Which drug is used for pain relief?
a) Morphine
b) Cocaine
c) LSD
d) Nicotine
Answer: Morphine
47. Tobacco contains —
a) Nicotine
b) Caffeine
c) Morphine
d) LSD
Answer: Nicotine
48. Cancer-causing agents are called —
a) Carcinogens
b) Pathogens
c) Allergens
d) Antigens
Answer: Carcinogens
49. Allergy is caused due to —
a) Antigens
b) Antibodies
c) Carcinogens
d) Drugs
Answer: Antigens
50. The normal human body temperature is —
a) 36°C
b) 37°C
c) 38°C
d) 39°C
Answer: 37°C
FAQs-Class 12 Biology Human Health and Diseases
1. What is health according to WHO?
Answer: Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
2. What causes malaria?
Answer: Malaria is caused by Plasmodium, transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito.
3. What is the full form of AIDS?
Answer: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
4. What is the causative agent of Tuberculosis?
Answer: Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
5. Which organ is affected by jaundice?
Answer: Liver.
6. Who discovered the smallpox vaccine?
Answer: Edward Jenner.
7. What type of disease is Cancer?
Answer: Non-communicable disease caused by uncontrolled cell division.
8. What is vaccination?
Answer: It is the process of stimulating immunity by introducing a weakened pathogen.
9. What is the causative organism of Dengue?
Answer: Dengue virus, spread by Aedes mosquito.
10. What is the first antibiotic discovered?
Answer: Penicillin.
Conclusion-Class 12 Biology Human Health and Diseases
This set of 50 objective questions and 10 FAQs on Human Health and Diseases (Class 12 Biology) is designed for Bihar Board students to practice and revise key concepts effectively. Regular revision of these MCQs will help you score high in exams and strengthen your understanding of disease prevention, immunity, and health management.