The Class 12 Physics Question Bank is one of the most essential study resources for students preparing for their board exams. Physics is a subject that demands both conceptual clarity and regular practice. A good question bank helps you revise formulas, understand derivations, and solve numerical as well as theoretical questions from every chapter systematically.
In this post, we provide a chapter-wise Physics Question Bank for Class 12 based on the latest CBSE and State Board syllabus (2025). It includes important short questions, numericals, and objective questions that help students score full marks in the Physics board exam.
Class 12 Physics Question Bank – Chapter-wise Important Questions & Answers
Chapter-Wise Class 12 Physics Question Bank
Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields
- What are conductors and insulators? Give examples.
- State Coulomb’s law in vector form.
- Define electric field intensity.
- Derive the expression for the electric field due to a point charge.
- What is an electric dipole? Derive the field along its axial line.
- Explain Gauss’s theorem and apply it to find the electric field of a uniformly charged sphere.
Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
- Define electric potential and potential difference.
- Derive the relation between electric field and potential.
- What is an equipotential surface?
- Derive the formula for the capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor.
- Explain the effect of a dielectric on capacitance.
- What is energy stored in a capacitor? Derive the expression.
Chapter 3: Current Electricity
- Define electric current and drift velocity.
- Derive the relation between current and drift velocity.
- State Ohm’s Law.
- What factors affect the resistance of a conductor?
- Derive the combination formulas for resistors in series and parallel.
- What is the concept of internal resistance and emf of a cell?
Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
- State the Lorentz force law.
- What is a magnetic field? How is it represented?
- Derive the expression for the magnetic field due to a straight current-carrying wire.
- Explain the concept of the right-hand thumb rule.
- What is Biot-Savart law?
- Derive the force between two parallel current-carrying conductors.
Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter
- Define magnetic dipole moment.
- Differentiate between diamagnetic, paramagnetic, and ferromagnetic materials.
- What is the behavior of magnetic materials in an external field?
- Derive the expression for torque on a bar magnet placed in a uniform magnetic field.
- Explain the concept of earth’s magnetism.
Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction
- State Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction.
- What is Lenz’s Law?
- Derive the expression for induced emf.
- Explain self-induction and mutual induction.
- What are eddy currents and their applications?
- Define inductive reactance.
Chapter 7: Alternating Current
- Define alternating current and alternating emf.
- Derive the expression for current in an LCR circuit.
- Explain the concept of resonance in an AC circuit.
- What are RMS and average values of AC?
- Explain power factor and its significance.
- What is a transformer? Explain its working principle.
Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves
- State Maxwell’s equations in integral form.
- What are electromagnetic waves?
- Write the properties of electromagnetic waves.
- Give the applications of different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.
- What is displacement current?
Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
- State laws of reflection and refraction.
- Derive mirror and lens formulas.
- What is total internal reflection? Give its applications.
- Derive the relation between object distance, image distance, and focal length.
- Explain the working principle of a compound microscope.
- What is the function of a telescope?
Chapter 10: Wave Optics
- Explain Huygens’ principle.
- Derive Young’s double-slit experiment for interference.
- What is the condition for constructive and destructive interference?
- Explain diffraction of light through a single slit.
- What is polarization? State its applications.
Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
- Explain photoelectric effect with an experiment.
- State Einstein’s photoelectric equation.
- Define work function and threshold frequency.
- Explain de Broglie hypothesis.
- What are electron diffraction and its significance?
Chapter 12: Atoms
- Describe Rutherford’s model of the atom.
- State the limitations of Rutherford’s model.
- Explain Bohr’s postulates for hydrogen atom.
- Derive the expression for energy levels of hydrogen.
- What are spectral lines?
Chapter 13: Nuclei
- Define atomic mass unit.
- What is nuclear binding energy?
- Explain mass defect.
- Differentiate between fission and fusion.
- What is radioactivity and its laws?
- Define half-life and mean life of a radioactive substance.
Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics
- What is a semiconductor?
- Differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
- What is doping?
- Explain P-N junction diode and its working.
- What is a transistor? Explain its configuration.
- What is the function of logic gates (AND, OR, NOT)?
Chapter 15: Communication Systems
- What is a communication system?
- Explain the basic elements of communication.
- What is modulation and its types?
- Explain amplitude modulation with a diagram.
- What are the differences between analog and digital communication?
- What is the function of satellite communication?
Benefits of Using a Class 12 Physics Question Bank
- Covers all important topics chapter-wise.
- Helps in revision before board exams.
- Strengthens conceptual understanding.
- Improves speed and accuracy in solving numericals.
- Contains objective, short, and long answer questions.
Preparation Tips for Class 12 Physics
- Study the NCERT textbook thoroughly.
- Practice numericals and derivations daily.
- Revise formulas and definitions regularly.
- Use a question bank and previous year papers for self-assessment.
- Focus on conceptual clarity and diagram-based questions.
Conclusion
A well-organized Class 12 Physics Question Bank is the ultimate tool for mastering Physics. It provides a comprehensive understanding of every concept and helps students practice all types of questions asked in board exams. Regular practice from this question bank ensures better results and builds confidence for both theoretical and numerical sections.
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2025 – Important Questions with Answers | Complete Exam Guide